Regional Economic Integration of Laos †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Regional Economic Integration of Laos. Answer: Introduction: The Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN) is the name of a regional organization that promotes economic growth through accelerating economic integration among its ten member countries. At times of Asian financial crisis, policies are designed by ASEAN leaders to protect these regions from and external shocks in future. With this objective ASEAN economic community is formed to meet these needs. Since 2010, among 6 of its members including Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia and Singapore plasticized free trade since 2010. No trade restrictions were applied on these countries (intpolicydigest.org, 2016). With AEC, the newly added members Cambodia, Myanmar, Lao and Vietnam were come under the roof of free trade. The economic community has implication of reducing all the technical barriers towards free trade. The elimination of trade barriers enables countries to enjoy cheaper goods. In the international market producers sell their goods at a low price. The expansion of trade increases job opportunities in the member countries. In order to participate in exports countries needs to expand their production capacity which brings economic growth. The job market expands as job opportunities are not only limited to their home country but is expands to other ASEAN regions as well. The trade expansion and removal of barriers helps business to export their produced goods and import necessary raw materials at a cheaper price. Free trade accelerates competition among nation (giz.de, 2017). In order to remain competitive in the international market countries invest in innovation and technology. This enhances productive efficiency and improves the quality of goods. The increased economic activity such as investment, export, import results in a high growth rate in terms of increased GDP. The economic integration and increased economic activity means a greater inflow of capital in the form of investment, improved infrastructure to support investments, availability of skilled labor and business expansion. All these contribute to foster economic growth trade and bring a better world. For member countries like Laos and Myanmar the benefits of ASEAN economic community comes along with some negative impact. In case of Laos, the potential benefit comes in the form of more opportunities for participating in regional value chains with access to ASEAN market and production base. The opportunities of AEC impose some challenges on Laos public and private sector. For the part of the government it needs to implement some regulation and procedural changes in line with AEC agreement. The business sector has to adjust with trade opens up and increased competition from advanced economies of ASEAN. To completely from ASEAN agreement Laos needs to strengthen its small and medium sized enterprises. In Myanmar, the positive impact of AEC agreement are providing access to a large market of ASEAN region, expansion of investment and trade, opportunities for the country to negotiate on the international market. The country should be prepared to absorb risk in so0cial and economic environment as all the external barriers are now eliminated (eastasiaforum.org, 2017). Some sectors liked agriculture; infrastructure, financial sector and labor standard have sensed an adverse impact because of lack of regulation to protect environment and land. Therefore, for both Myanmar and Laos some adjustment needs to be done to counter the negative impact and enjoy the benefit from the new agreement. Consumption (C) = 5400 + 0.8Y Investment (I) = 2400 Export (X) = 1,700 Import (I) = 1800 + 0.075 National Income (Y) = Consumption + Investment + (Export Import) If export decreases by 200, then export becomes (1700-200) = 1500 If investment decreases by 400, then investment becomes (2400-400) = 2000 Consumption = 5400 + 0.8Y = 5400 + (0.8*28000) = 27800 Import = 1800 + 0.075Y = 1800 + (0.075*28000) = 3900 National Income (Y) = Consumption + Investment + (Export Import) The equilibrium level of national income is determined where actual expenditure matches with planned expenditure (Scarth, 2014). Planned expenditure = Consumption (C) + Investment (I) + Government Expenditure (G) + Net export (NX) Since, there are no government sector planned expenditure is the sum of the consumption, investment and net export. The actual expenditure is the 450 line. The initial equilibrium is E and equilibrium level of national income is 28000 and saving is 200. With a decline in investment and export, the actual expenditure curve shifts to the left and national income reduces to 27400. At the new equilibrium because of decreases in export given the import there is a trade deficit of the amount 2400. The effect of monetary and fiscal policy in a standard macroeconomic environment is described with a Mundell Fleming model. In the model there are three aspects- IS curve that captures the equilibrium in the goods market, LM curve that describes equilibrium in the money market and equilibrium in the foreign exchange market denoted by BP curve. The slope of the BP curve indicates the extent of capital mobility. A horizontal BP curve means perfect capital mobility, a vertical BP curve indicates capital immobility and an upward sloping curve reflects partial or imperfect capital mobility. Impact of fiscal and monetary policy is different under different system of capital mobility (Mankiw, 2014). The adjustment mechanism in response to policy changes is different based on exchange rate regime. The effect a fiscal expansion under fixed exchange rate regime and free capital mobility is described in the above figure. E shows the initial equilibrium model where IS, LM and BP curve meet at the same point. The equilibrium income and interest rate are Y* and R* respectively. Now, an expansionary fiscal policy shifts the IS curve to the right. The IS and LM curve cuts at the point E1. This raises the interest rate from R* to R1. In response to high interest rate, there will be inflow of foreign capital, leading to a surplus in balance of payment. The increased supply of foreign capital will push the interest rate down. Under the fixed exchange rate regime, the central bank purchases the additional foreign currency to keep the interest rate fixed. As a result, the money supply will increase. This shifts the LM curve to the right. The new equilibrium point is E2. At this point, the interest rate is back to its previous level while output increases from Y* to Y1. A monetary contraction taken in the form of reducing supply of money shifts the LM curve leftward from LM to LM1. This raises the interest rate from initial position of R0 to the new high level R1. The high interest rate causes balance of payment surplus resulted from increased supply of foreign currency. This pushes the interest rate down. Under flexible exchange rate system, the exchange rate declines (Uribe Schmitt-Groh, 2017). The appreciated currency encourages more import while reduces export by making export expensive. As a result, net export reduces causing a leftward shift of the IS curve from IS to IS1. The new equilibrium is at E1. At the new equilibrium output decreases from Y0 to Y1. References Mankiw, N. G. (2014). Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Ramirez, B., Pooittiwong, A., Ramirez, B., Pooittiwong, A., Ferguson, D., Koplow, M. et al. (2017).ASEAN Economic Integration: Opportunities and Challenges that Lie Ahead.International Policy Digest. Retrieved 28 October 2017, from https://intpolicydigest.org/2016/01/06/asean-economic-integration-opportunities-and-challenges-that-lie-ahead/ Regional Economic Integration of Laos into ASEAN, Trade and Entrepreneurship Development (RELATED). (2017).Giz.de. Retrieved 28 October 2017, from https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/17473.html Scarth, W. (2014). Macroeconomics. Edward Elgar Publishing. Uribe, M., Schmitt-Groh, S. (2017).Open economy macroeconomics. Princeton University Press. What the AEC means for Laos. (2017).East Asia Forum. Retrieved 28 October 2017, from https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2016/01/01/what-the-aec-means-for-laos/

Physician Assisted Suicide Essays (438 words) - Euthanasia

The term Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS) generally refers to a practice in which the physician provides a patient with a lethal dose of medication and ends the patient?s life at his or her request. For many people the right to end one?s life is a right they can easily exercise but someone whose handicap, condition or disease renders them unable to end their lives in a dignified manner ask for assistance from their physician. Under present law suicide is not a crime, but in most states, assisting in suicide is illegal. The Supreme Court concluded its decision on the New York and Washington cases for Physician Assisted Suicide. On June 26, 1997, they announced their verdict. They found that the average American has no constitutional right to a physician assisted suicide. On the other hand, the court implied that there is no constitutional bar that would prevent a state from passing a law permitting physician assisted suicide. Allowing such legislations would threaten the rights of individuals with mental illness, handicap, depression, elderly, homeless, and anyone else society deems ?succumbed?. There could be other factors involved in a person?s decision. Depression and fear are two common feelings when someone is adjusting to living with a newly discovered illness or learning to adjust to being handicap. Other than a person?s medical history, there is no definitive way for a doctor to know if these are part of a patients reasoning. It is also argued that sanctioning assisted suicide would violate the rights of others. Doctors and nurses might find themselves ?pressured? to take part in a person?s suicide in order to satisfy the desires of a patient wanting to die. Ultimately a doctor is ending someone?s life, but the decision will follow them for the rest of their lives. Less than 40 years ago doctors would have never imagined a person with AIDS could survive longer than a couple of months. Today there is new and effective medicine that have made it possible for someone suffering from the disease, to now live a pain free and active life for many years. Medicine has given us the mean to cure or reduce the suffering of people afflicted with diseases that were once fatal or painful. Before choosing a stance on this issue I urge you all to consider everything I have said. There is no definitive way in knowing what will happen ahead. We can not give up on hope. Hope in people to continue to astonish us with their minds, and the capability to change something that can seem as certain as death.

How to Use an Essay Sample to Write an Essay

How to Use an Essay Sample to Write an EssayAn essay sample is one of the most important tools that you can use when writing an essay. A good essay sample is so important because it teaches you exactly what to do in order to write an essay properly. You can master this process by simply reading an essay sample. The only thing you need to do is follow the essay sample and perform the steps correctly.There are many ways you can use an essay sample. Some people prefer to read a sample so they will see what should be included in the essay. They can use an essay sample to figure out where the essay should go. This is the easiest way to start out writing an essay, but it's also the most time consuming. To get around this problem, I recommend using the Internet to help you write an essay and do the entire process for you.There are many websites online that offer sample essays. One way to find essay samples is to search for the term essay. This will bring up a long list of websites. You can easily research the different essays and then select the one that suits your needs.The internet is an excellent resource for people who want to learn how to write an essay by reading an essay sample. Once you've found a website that offers essay samples, all you have to do is read the sample and you will know what to do. There are no steps to complete because the entire essay has been given to you.By using the internet to help you write an essay, you don't have to spend a lot of time reading an essay sample and trying to figure out how to write an essay. All you have to do is read the essay and then do whatever you need to do to get the essay done. This is the quickest and easiest way to get an essay written.Another benefit to using the internet to find an essay sample is that it saves you money. If you were to buy a book or a manual on how to write an essay, you would have to purchase it several times. This is a very expensive way to learn, especially if you're just starting out.Es says are very important, so it's important that you get the best writing skills possible. This is the best way to learn how to write an essay and take it from there. With the help of an essay sample, you can easily learn how to write an essay.So whether you're writing an essay or preparing to write an essay, you can use an essay sample to help you along the way. With the proper research, you'll be able to easily find an essay sample that suits your needs. No matter what type of essay you're working on, there is a sample available online that you can use.

Why Im Writing The Book On 10x Marketing - CoSchedule Blog

Why Im Writing The Book On 10x Marketing Blog Many of you have asked when  (not if) I’d write a book. Answer: Now! So for those of you who are already totally on board with getting the book on marketing from your friends at †¦ †¦subscribe to this exclusive email list to get the first chapter for FREE right now. You’ll also stay up to speed on its progress and get early access for pre-ordering. And youll get access to the 10x Marketing LinkedIn Group to bounce ideas off other 10x marketers (including your friends at ). Do it now! Now: If the fact that so many marketers have asked me to write this book isn’t enough reasoning behind its creation†¦ read on (or watch) to learn why  Ive decided to write the  book on The 10x Marketing Formula. Yet Another  Marketing Book? The world doesn’t need another â€Å"copycat† marketing book. In fact, the world doesn’t need any more â€Å"copycat† content whatsoever. So†¦ what sets this  book apart? And more importantly†¦ why do marketers like you need this  book? Why Im Writing The Book On 10x MarketingContent Marketing Isn’t Living Up To Its Promises For the past several years, content marketing has been all the rage. There are current success stories seemingly everywhere. But even though content marketing has been a successfully established tactic for more than a century, lately†¦ it’s not living up to the hype. The thing is, you’ve already petitioned your boss to try this. You have the software. You have the processes. But actual results? Crickets. As marketers, we’re struggling more than ever before to prove that what we’re doing is really working. And even with all of the promises of content marketing†¦ we’re hitting what Gartner calls the trough of disillusionment. Gartner has discovered a pattern in technology adoption for business use they call the â€Å"Hype Cycle†. Essentially, it looks like this: Something new emerges (new channels, tactics, technology, etc.). Early adopters embrace the new. Expectations soar due to a few success stories. Way more people jump on board expecting the same success. Then†¦ crushing defeat. Does that sound like your  content marketing? ^^^ It was feeling that way to us at . That is†¦ until we embraced The 10x Marketing Formula. Heres why @embraced the 10X marketing formula.The Solution To Actually  Generate Results = The 10x Marketing Formula Like I imagine so many of you have experienced, we adopted content marketing with high hopes here at . When we started up, we needed the traffic†¦ we needed the success story to be our  story†¦ but we weren’t getting it. Instead, we found quality + consistent content wasn’t- and couldn’t- be the promised driver of ROI. It just wasn’t enough. What we discovered was the need to develop and refine the content marketing process. All of that with the goal of driving real growth, measurable return, and 10x results. Since then, we’ve honed The 10x Marketing Formula to grow from zero customers to 9,000+, zero email subscribers to 250,000+, and pageviews from zero to 1.5 million every single month. And we did it all in less than four years. This book gives away everything we’ve learned along the way. It’s the secret to unlocking results, getting your boss off your back, and justifying better resources. When we started, we looked for books like this. They just didn’t exist. But we needed this  book- this  10x Marketing Formula- to get our own marketing team out of content marketing’s trough of disillusionment. That’s why Im writing it now. This book shares the growth levers we’ve discovered as we matured. We’ve reached some major growth numbers. And this book teaches you how to blow up your numbers, too. Because in the end†¦ it’s not publish or die. It’s results or die.

Alternative Styles Of Creative Advertising Marketing Essay

Alternative Styles Of Creative Advertising Marketing Essay The purpose of this report was to create a creative campaign idea for GWS Motorsport to attract more audiences as well as to increase awareness of the company. Hence, an evaluation of creative strategies theory will apply to the campaign in order to support the raw ideas. The report will show all the achievable innovative approaches that may increase the effectiveness and efficiencies of the campaign. On top of that, one of the strategy approaches has been selected for the GWS Motorsport campaign as part of the creative strategy. This report also aims to give an understanding of the campaign objectives, appropriate strategy for the outcome, the messages that what is this campaign about to pass on and to create the characteristic for GWS Motorsport race team. Hence, a clutter of consumers requires a creative approach to segment them by using marketing mix strategy. As a result, positioning exist in the market to avoid tight competition in the same industry. (Chitty, 2005) 1.2. Scope While understanding GWS Personnel Motorsport, the team does not bring in any profit however they do exercised some business strategies to at least cover its costs because running a race team cost a lot of money. Therefore, the main revenue streams included sponsorship, driver leasing and for those potential revenue streams were from the hot laps, driver sessions/training, VIP tickets and guest appearances. (O’Donnel, n.d) 1.3. Method The information used in this report was gathered by using the sources from GWS Personnel Motorsport official website, GWS presentation power point slides, a series of email with the marketing consultant, Nik O’Donnell and the textbook. Therefore, the second edition of Integrated Marketing Communications textbook was one of the main references that provided the information of creative strategies theory that were applied to this report. 1.4. Company’s Background GWS Personnel Motorsport is a team that puts together by Allan Shephard a nd Peter O’Donnell and mainly sponsored by GWS Personnel itself. Additionally, GWS Personnel is a regional based recruitment company that was established in the early 90’s. There are other sponsors too such as the Shire Conveyancer, Spinifex Australia, and Evocities. Peter O’Donnell has always been passionate about motorsport racing which is the reason behind the team he formed. The GWS Personnel Motorsport as known as the Australian Manufacturers Champions formed a wide range of production cars such as the Europe and Japanese cars were used on the race track. (GWS Motorsport, 2011) 2. Findings 2.1. Creative Strategies Theory In this day and age, many business companies have implemented more creative strategies that use to draw consumer attention and provoke them to purchase a product or a service. As a general rule, these creative strategies are based on the targeted market demographic, psychographic, geographical and behavioral. Advertisers often use catchy ji ngles to capture consumer interest therefore such creative strategy may promote publicity and public relations with them. Based on Table A, the creative strategies are divided into three categories and they are the functional orientation, symbolic/experiential orientation, and category-dominance orientation.

Employee Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Employee Relations - Essay Example The Union disagreed with the Company’s decision to use a different criteria of determining eligibility for promotion and transfers instead of the one agreed upon during the collective bargaining agreement. The third grievance was about a discriminatory action by the company on its allocation of the parking lots. The union argued that the plant workers were allocated the farthest lots from the entrance. 2. What sections of the Wagner Act are in question here? Explain In all the three grievances touched a number of Wegner act sections particularly with regard to the regulation of collective bargain agreement engagements. For example, section 8(a) 3 of the act prohibits employees against discriminatory acts such as assigning them less desirable conditions as was witnessed in the allocation of parking slots in the company. The section also stipulates that matters of promotion or transfers should be solely based on seniority, merit and other criteria of determining eligibility sign ed in the collective bargaining agreement (Budd, 234). In this regard the second grievance will also be handled using section 2 of the act. ... In my opinion, all the three grievances of the union against the company were genuine. In the first grievance, I would rule that the company breached the contract by making changes in the time schedules prior to a mutual agreement. In the second grievance, the company also violated the collective bargaining agreement by using different criteria of eligibility in giving a temporary transfer to a Janitor instead of Mr. Burn who best suitable according to the provisions of the collective bargain agreement. Finally, allocating park workers the farthest car park slots was also discriminatory since it ensured that the workers spent more time between the parking lot and their working stations and this reduced the amount of their monthly bonus. Case 2__ Does the Duty to Bargain Preclude Unilateral Wage Increases? In the case study, Winn Dixie Stores Company effected unilateral changes in the wages of the workers arguing that there was no impasse during the negotiations (Budd, 260). On the ot her hand, the Union’s position of argument was that the Company violated the provisions of section 8(a) 5 and 8(a)1 of Wagner act which states that it is an unfair labor practice for employers to refuse to bargain collectively with the employee representatives when making changes to the wage rates and other terms of employment. Questions 1. You are an administrative law judge who has to decide on this case. Which party do you agree with and why? As an administrative law Judge presiding over the case, I would support the position of the employee Union that the company’s action amounted to unfair labor practice as stated in section 8 of the

The film PSYCHO (Directed by Alfred Hitchcock, 1960) Essay

The film PSYCHO (Directed by Alfred Hitchcock, 1960) - Essay Example Mark Lewis comes across a prostitute and starts to film her with a camera he has hidden into his coat. Mark follows the prostitute to her residence and kills her. Later Mark goes back to his house and gladly watches the film of how he murdered the woman. Meanwhile, Mark is also a member of a film crew. Deep inside he has thought of how he would make it to a filmmaker. He is a part-time photographer of women who are into soft porn as pin-up pictures. Mark is an anti-social person (Powell). He lives in his dead father’s house. Mark is fascinated by his neighbors downstairs. Most of all he is fascinated by Helen. Helen is a young woman who has been sweetly natured and she pity’s Marks. Out of this pity, she befriends Marks.The police officers follow Mark closely to a building where he does his photography. This time he is to take photos of pin-up model Milly and he kills her then returns home. Helen runs Mark’s films out of curiosity and Mark catches her in the proc ess. She is dead frightened and Mark tells her that he does that to capture the fear of his victims. The police arrive and corner him. Realizing this, he kills himself the way he killed his victims on the camera. This last scene provides the final part of his documentary. Aspects of the two movies 1. Historical background of the movies The film PSYCHO is an American horror film acted in 1960. The film is directed by Alfred Hitchcock. Joseph Stephano screen-played the movie based on the 1959 novel Psycho which Robert Bloch wrote (Hitchcock). Robert Bloch was inspired by the crimes of Wisconsin murderer and Ed Gein, a grave robber. Wisconsin and Ed Gein lived about forty miles from Robert Bloch. The film PEEPING TOM is a British thriller film acted in 1960. The film is directed by Michael Powell. The movie was written by Leo Marks. Leo Marks was a world-war 2 cryptographer and polymath. 2. Comparison of the directors Both directors have a passion for writing films which entrails psychological thrillers and suspense. However, we see that Hitchcock’s Psycho film elevated his career as he was nominated for numerous awards for directing it. Michael Powell’s Peeping Tom was a subject of critics, which at one point maimed his career as a direct or. 3. The principles of film form PSYCHO is a horror-slashed film. It brings about a negative emotional kind of reaction especially in the shower